A Review on the Transport-Chemo-Mechanical Behavior in Concrete under External Sulfate Attack

Cementitious concrete structures serving in sulfate environments suffer from serious durability challenges caused by chemical attacks (CSA), which lead to the volume expansion, cracking, and spalling of early failure structures. CSA on involves behaviors ion transport, reactions, crystallization reaction products, microstructural damage cement matrix, macroscopic deterioration concrete, namely transport-chemo-mechanical behaviors. This paper first introduces such as gypsum, ettringite, brucite, thaumasite, between under different environmental conditions their formation mechanism. Then, aiming at ettringite type CSA, theories increase pressure are elaborated explain it-induced degradation. Additionally, theory is used describe cracking behavior microstructure slurry crystal filling pore. Finally, a series models for displaced module module. It includes diffusion-reaction model, free expansion equivalent expansive force related behavior: model chemo-mechanical CSA. These can be analyze distribution ions product content, stress strain degree beneficial evaluate permanently environment.